2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Glutathione Peroxidase

Glutathione Peroxidase

Glutathione Peroxidase

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Glutathione peroxidases (GPx) are a family of enzymes with the ability to reduce organic and inorganic hydroperoxides to the corresponding alcohols using glutathione or thioredoxin as an electron donor. These enzymes promote hydrogen peroxide metabolism and protect cell membrane structure and function from oxidative damage. Dysregulated GPx expression is connected with severe pathologies, including obesity and diabetes. GPx1 has been reported to be involved in both pro- and anticancer effects in different tumor models.

In mammals, the GPxs family consists of eight members (GPx1-GPx8) identified so far; five of them (GPx1-GPx4 and GPx6) contain selenocysteine in the catalytic center and the other three are cysteine-containing proteins. GPx1 is one of the most critical members of the GPxs family that catalytically reduces hydrogen peroxide to produce water. The function of GPx3 is to scavenge H2O2 and lipoperoxides in the plasma to reduce systematic oxidative stress and to maintain the bioavailability of vascular nitric oxide. Gpx4 is an essential mammalian glutathione peroxidase, which protects cells against detrimental lipid peroxidation and governs a novel form of regulated necrotic cell death, called ferroptosis.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-139012
    RC574
    RC574 is a novel probucol analog with the activity to protect mouse hippocampal cells and primary cortical neurons from glutamate-induced oxidative cell death (ferroptosis) and increase glutathione peroxidase (GPx) 1 levels and activity.
    RC574
  • HY-162717
    GPX4-IN-11
    		Inhibitor
    GPX4-IN-11 (compound I14) is a potent inhibitor of GPX4, with the KD of 45.7 μM. GPX4-IN-11 plays an important role in ferroptosis research.
    GPX4-IN-11
  • HY-175811
    Ferroptosis inducer-10
    		Inhibitor
    Ferroptosis inducer-10 is a ferroptosis inducer. Ferroptosis inducer-10 can inhibit A549 cells growth with an IC50 of 0.76 μM. Ferroptosis inducer-10 can deplete GSH, elevate ROS and MDA, and downregulate GPX4 expression. Ferroptosis inducer-10 can induce cell G2/M phase and inhibit migration. Ferroptosis inducer-10 can be used for the research of cancer, such as non-small lung cancer.
    Ferroptosis inducer-10
  • HY-175041
    GPX4-IN-18
    		Inhibitor
    GPX4-IN-18 (Compound 17) is a ferrocene-containing inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). GPX4-IN-18 is also an inducer of ferroptosis. GPX4-IN-18 can increase the production of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in OS-RC-2 clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells. GPX4-IN-18 induces ferroptosis in HT-1080 cells with IC50s of 0.007 μM (absence of ferrostatin-1) and 1.486 μM (presence of ferrostatin-1). GPX4-IN-18 reduces in vivo tumor volume and intratumoral GPX4 levels in OS-RC-2 xenograft murine model.
    GPX4-IN-18
  • HY-179003
    mTOR/GLS1-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    mTOR/GLS1-IN-1 is a potent dual targeted mTOR/GLS1 inhibitor. Has anti proliferative activity against various tumor cells, such as MDA-MB-231 (IC90 = 2.14 µM), MCF-7 (IC90 = 0.91 µM), SK-BR-3 (IC90 = 0.84 µM), and 4T1 (IC90 = 0.32 µM) cells. mTOR/GLS1-IN-1 dose dependently induces ROS accumulation, induces autophagosome formation, and induces apoptosis. mTOR/GLS1-IN-1 can increase Fe2+, decrease GPX4, and induce ferroptosis. mTOR/GLS1-IN-1 can inhibit cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. mTOR/GLS1-IN-1 can be used in the research of cancer, such as breast cancer.
    mTOR/GLS1-IN-1
  • HY-176758
    GPX4-IN-17
    		Inhibitor
    GPX4-IN-17 (Compound 9i) is an inhibitor of GPX4 with potent cytotoxicity (IC50 = 0.3 nM). GPX4-IN-17 shows strong binding affinity against GPX4 (KD = 20.4 nM). GPX4-IN-17 inhibits tumor growth in the xenograft tumor mouse model without detectable cytotoxicity. GPX4-IN-17 can enhance cancer chemotherapy and overcome tumor resistance. GPX4-IN-17 can be studied in antitumor reseach.
    GPX4-IN-17
  • HY-161972
    ZX782
    		Degrader
    ZX782 is a Hty-type PROTAC targeting GPX4 and a ferroptosis inducer, which induces GPX4 degradation and significantly increases lipid ROS accumulation in HT1080 cells. ZX782 can be used to treat AD by reducing the size and/or number of brain amyloid plaques and by inhibiting the spread of IL-1beta-positive microglial-like cells around amyloid plaques. ZX782 is labeled with hydrophobic benzyl alcohol (HBA) and appears bright blue under acidic conditions, which can be used for quantitative determination. ZX782 is composed of target protein ligand (red part) ML-210 (HY-100003), PROTAC linker (black part) Bromo-PEG2-CH2-Boc (HY-141371) and Hty molecule (blue part) Adamantan-1-ylmethanamine (HY-W037848). The conjugate consisting of Hyt and linker parts is Adamantan-C-amide-PEG2-C-Br (HY-161974), and the activity control of the target protein ligand is Hydroxyl-ML-210 (HY-161973).
    ZX782
  • HY-19321R
    PF-06282999 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    PF-06282999 (Standard) is the analytical standard of PF-06282999. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. PF-06282999 is a potent and selective myeloperoxidase inhibitor which is potential useful for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
    PF-06282999 (Standard)
  • HY-B0679R
    Lubiprostone (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Lubiprostone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lubiprostone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lubiprostone (SPI-0211) increases intestinal fluid secretion through generation of CIC-2/CFTR and activation of cAMP signaling pathway. Lubiprostone inhibits myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, downregulates Indomethacin (HY-14397)-induced iNOS and TNFα expression. Lubiprostone can be used for chronic constipation research.
    Lubiprostone (Standard)
  • HY-103388
    NCX 466
    		Inhibitor
    NCX 466 is an orally active COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor that exhibits anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Additionally, NCX 466 acts as a NO donor, exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by improving microcirculation. NCX 466 significantly reduces the levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and oxidative stress markers (such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)), and it decreases leukocyte recruitment during inflammation by reducing myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, thereby preventing bleomycin (HY-108345)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.
    NCX 466
  • HY-163995
    GPX4-IN-13
    		Inhibitor
    GPX4-IN-13 (compound 16) is a GPX4 inhibitor with anticancer activity. GPX4-IN-13 reduces thyroid cell proliferation and induces ferroptosis by inhibiting the expression level of GPX4. GPX4-IN-13 inhibits the growth of three thyroid cancer cell lines: N-thy-ori-3-1 (IC50=8.39 μM), MDA-T32 (IC50=10.28 μM) and MDA-T41 (IC50=8.18 μM).
    GPX4-IN-13
  • HY-B0880R
    4-Aminobenzohydrazide (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    4-Aminobenzohydrazide (Standard) is the analytical standard of 4-Aminobenzohydrazide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 4-Aminobenzohydrazide (p-Aminobenzohydrazide) is an irreversible myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibitor (IC50=0.3 μM) that induces oxidative stress burst in neutrophils (ROS IC50=43.6 μM). 4-Aminobenzohydrazide has been used in subacute stroke research.
    4-Aminobenzohydrazide (Standard)
  • HY-155952
    LOC1886
    		Inhibitor
    LOC1886 is a covalent inhibitor of GPX4 with slightly lower potency than RSL3 and ML162.
    LOC1886
  • HY-B0679S
    Lubiprostone-d7
    		Inhibitor
    Lubiprostone-d7 (RU-0211-d7) is the deuterium labeled Lubiprostone. Lubiprostone (SPI-0211) increases intestinal fluid secretion through generation of CIC-2/CFTR and activation of cAMP signaling pathway. Lubiprostone inhibits myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, downregulates Indomethacin (HY-14397)-induced iNOS and TNFα expression. Lubiprostone can be used for chronic constipation research.
    Lubiprostone-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-126758
    Ludartin
    		Inhibitor
    Ludartin a sesquiterpene lactone, which can be isolated from the plant Artemisia carruthii Wood. Ludartin reduces the expression of myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde, enhances the expression of glutathione and superoxide dismutase in spinal cord tissue. Ludartin inhibits neuronal apoptosis. Ludartin inhibits the upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6. Ludartin improves the motor function of rats with spinal cord injury.
    Ludartin
  • HY-B0647A
    (3S)-Butylphthalide
    		Inhibitor
    (3S)-Butylphthalide is a phthalide and can be isolated from A. graveolens. (3S)-Butylphthalide has antiplatelet and neuroprotective activities.
    (3S)-Butylphthalide
  • HY-B0182R
    Carmofur (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Carmofur (Standard) is the analytical standard of Carmofur. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Carmofur (HCFU) is a rat recombinant acid ceramidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 29 nM. Carmofur is also a protease inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA). Carmofur has anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-virus activities, and can be used for the study of COVID-19 and acute lung injury (ALI).
    Carmofur (Standard)
  • HY-W041171R
    3-Chloro-L-tyrosine (Standard)
    3-Chloro-L-tyrosine is a specific biomarker in myeloperoxidase-catalyzed oxidation. 3-Chloro-L-tyrosine can be used as a molecular marker for oxidative stress and inflammation to determine whether myeloperoxidase-mediated tyrosine chlorination occurs. 3-Chloro-L-tyrosine is therefore used in the diagnosis of chlorine poisoning in forensic toxicology and in the auxiliary diagnosis of inflammation such as colorectal cancer.
    3-Chloro-L-tyrosine (Standard)
  • HY-120912R
    Gingerenone A (Standard)
    		Activator
    Gingerenone A (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gingerenone A. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gingerenone A is an Nrf2-Gpx4 activator that can induce Ferroptosis in liver damage with oral activity. Gingerenone A has anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, and pro-aging effects in mice.
    Gingerenone A (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity